Children have a curiosity about words and letters and a drive to
imitate what they see going on around them, so it is important to
capitalise on that in a relaxed way when thinking about learning to read
and write. Children are learning about reading and writing all the time
by watching how the people that matter to them use written language.
When you go into the street, notice how much writing there is on road
signs, posters, shops, buses, as well as clothes. Context helps us
recognise words and children come to connect and remember them. Pointing
out familiar words in context will help children understand their
meaning and make connections between the written symbols and what they
stand for. Children come to recognise familiar words and captions on
screen too and reading these together will help when they come to read
in a more conventional sense.
There is evidence to show that
understanding when and why we read and write is as important for young
children’s literacy development as knowing how to do it. They will want
to join in when they see important people in their lives read and write
as part of everyday experience. For example, they will be curious if
they see you writing a shopping list, sending a text message or sitting
at the computer, and they will want to join in, so it’s important to
talk about it. Showing them how to read to find out when Charlie and
Lola is on TV next or how to get information about a recipe from a
magazine or the internet will help them understand the value and
purposes of reading and writing so they learn to use them for themselves
in this way.
Writing down a story or message that children
dictate will help them understand the link between what they say and the
words on the page and will help them when they become more independent
writers. Some parents write their children’s stories into folded paper
books that can be illustrated and then read back as a story at bedtime.
Young
children’s first marks and scribbles are an important part of their
development. Giving praise and taking an interest in what they are doing
will encourage them. Children as young as two can draw letter-like
shapes which show that they are already taking in lots of information
about written language.
Children often show pride in ‘their’ name or letter. With encouragement,
they often want to point out familiar words or letters. Magnetic
alphabet letters or bricks can be a fun way of getting to know the
letters of the alphabet and how they fit together to make familiar
words, or there are numerous games and activities to be found online.
Whatever you choose, it’s the talk that surrounds it that’s important,
taking the lead from the child in a relaxed atmosphere.
Writing
and talking about their own name and those of family members and friends
is often a source of interest to children once they begin to see the
link between the letters on the page and people and things that matter
to them. Names also help them build on this understanding of the
patterns of written language and understand that writing is consistent –
the letters in their name will always be the same and appear in the
same order. Names also demonstrate the symbolic nature of written
language. They show that those letters, in that order, stand for and
conjure up that person and everything about them, the way they look and
sound, what they do and who they are.
2. Use
a consistent attention-getting cue. Train your class that we you use a
certain cue, they are to prepare to listen. It may be counting to three
or clapping in a pattern or repeating words after you. Preschoolers are
pretty easily trained, you just have to be consistent. Do the same thing
every time. Kids this age like routine and establishing cues like this
can help your lesson run much more smoothly.
5. Keep
it short and use variety. Preschoolers have extremely short attention
spans. Basically they can focus for one minute per year of their
age. Expecting a four-year old to sit patiently for a fifteen minute
lecture on the Old Testament. Less is more for little ones. Give
them one short, amazing story with one simple point to remember.
Use the Rhythm Along With the Language
